The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) established national standards to protect the privacy of personal medical information. The HIPAA Privacy Rule sets limits and conditions on the way such information can be used and disclosed in the absence of patient authorization. The rule also provides patients with additional rights regarding their medical information, including the right to examine and obtain a copy of their health records and to request corrections to these records. Most of us would agree that our medical information should be kept private. However, HIPAA is an example of a well-intentioned law that has led to unintended consequences and potential problems for patients and their families. Why? The penalties associated with violating HIPAA—which include civil fines, criminal penalties, and even imprisonment—often make health care providers extremely cautious about sharing medical information with anyone other than their patient. This can include spouses, children, and other close
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